Tenth in the sermon series, “Romans: Gospel Blueprint.”

Paul has argued that the Jew who judges others has no excuse if he practices the same sins. He cannot escape God’s judgment by knowing the law, condemning sin, or teaching others. God’s kindness and patience should lead him to repentance, not to a hard heart. God will render to each one according to his works, giving glory and peace to those who do good, but wrath and distress to those who do evil. This judgment comes to the Jew first and also to the Greek, for God shows no partiality. Paul is making a case that all are guilty. Therefore, everyone needs the gospel of Christ.

Doers of the Law

How will God judge the Gentiles when they do not have the law? Paul anticipates this question. He explained that all who sinned without the law, the Gentiles, will perish without the law. The Jews who have the law will be judged by the law. Only the doers of the law will be justified.

Romans 2:12-13: For all who have sinned without the law will also perish without the law, and all who have sinned under the law will be judged by the law. ¹³ For it is not the hearers of the law who are righteous before God, but the doers of the law who will be justified.

The apostle will explain in his letter that no one can be justified by the law because no one has obeyed it completely. The verdict for both Jew and Gentile is: guilty. God only justifies the doers of the law, not merely the hearers.[1]

Law and Conscience

Paul asserts that the Gentiles, even though they were not given the Mosaic law, do what the law expects from them. The argument might be similar to God making Himself “known” to the Gentiles (1:19-20). God has put a law in the conscience of the Gentiles even without the law.[2]

Romans 2:14-15: For when Gentiles, who do not have the law, by nature do what the law requires, they are a law to themselves, even though they do not have the law. ¹⁵ They show that the work of the law is written on their hearts, while their conscience also bears witness, and their conflicting thoughts accuse or even excuse them

The apostle seeks to show that God is at work in the consciences of the Gentiles. There is a sense of morality, even though it is distorted. There is a knowledge of what is right in their conscience.[3] Despite this, Paul would unveil the truth that all are guilty.

Judging the Secrets

According to Paul’s gospel, there is a day when God will judge the secrets of men by Christ Jesus. God will judge the Jew based on the Mosaic Law. God will judge the Gentiles based on their conscience. The secrets of men refer to the violation of the conscience in man, but it includes all deeds, even the hidden.

Romans 2:16: on that day when, according to my gospel, God judges the secrets of men by Christ Jesus.

Paul’s intent in this section is to explain to the readers that both Jew and Gentile will be judged according to God’s righteousness. The Jew is not free from judgment just because he knows the Mosaic Law. The Gentiles, without the Mosaic Law, will be judged according to their conscience.[4] The judge is Christ.

Application

1. Let us not be hearers only. It is not enough to know the word of God, read the word of God, or listen to the word of God. We must obey His word. Those who know His will but reject it will be judged by it. Therefore, let us repent, believe in Christ, and live as doers of the word.

2. Let us listen to the witness of our conscience. It bears witness, and our thoughts accuse or excuse us before God. Therefore, let us repent and come to Christ, who alone can cleanse the guilty conscience.

3. Let us remember that God will judge even the secrets of men. Nothing is hidden from Him, and Christ Jesus will be the Judge on that day. Therefore, let us repent, believe the gospel, and walk before God with a sincere heart.

[1] Douglas J. Moo, Encountering the Book of Romans (Encountering Biblical Studies), ed. Walter A. Elwell (Baker Academic, 2014), Part 2.

[2] Douglas J. Moo, The Letter to the Romans, 2nd ed. (Eerdmans, 2018), 160.

[3] Frank S. Thielman, Romans, ed. Clinton E. Arnold, Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament (Zondervan Academic, 2018), Romans 2:15.

[4] Thielman, Romans, Romans 2:16.

Poem

ONLY CHRIST HAS PASSED
by Ed Pilapil Jr

Gentiles without the law; do sin
Jews with the law are judged within
Hearing it cannot justify
The doers live before God’s eye

The Gentiles have the law inside
It’s the conscience, they must abide
Not a covenant; a compass
But God’s standard, who can pass?

No man can hide what he has done
Before the Father and the Son
The secrets of your heart are known
And God will judge through Christ alone

God’s standard, only Christ has passed
His covenant is our compass
By faith we live; that we have known
Salvation is in Christ alone

Study Guide

1. What will happen to those who sin without the law and to those who sin under the law? (Ro 2:12-13)

2. What is written on the hearts of the Gentiles who do not have the law? (Ro 2:14-15)

3. What will God judge by Christ Jesus on that day? (Ro 2:16)

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Ninth in the sermon series, “Romans: Gospel Blueprint.”

Paul addresses the self-righteous Jew who feels safe from the wrath of God. Their false confidence is that they know the law of Moses. Paul removes the false sense of security of the interlocutor, an imaginary person with whom Paul is arguing. The use of the diatribe technique is to address the Jewish mind, which Paul is familiar with, being a Jew and a Pharisee. He rebuked the hypocrisy of those who would condemn the sins of the Gentiles but are guilty of the same thing. The apostle also addressed those who presume the kindness of God. He clarified that His kindness should lead us to repentance. But to those who will not repent because their hearts are stubborn, they can expect God’s judgment.

Eternal Life

Knowing the law does not acquit anyone of guilt. God will judge according to what men have done. For those who follow His commands, the ones who seek glory and honor, God will give them eternal life. However, Paul will explain later in his letter that no one is qualified (3:11-12).

Romans 2:6-7: He will render to each one according to his works: ⁷ to those who by patience in well-doing seek for glory and honor and immortality, he will give eternal life;

The self-righteous Jew, even with all the knowledge of the law, will be judged according to what they have done.[1] But whoever fully obeys the law has 100% eternal life. Only the Lord Jesus, the eternal Word, was able to fulfill the law.

God’s Wrath

Paul identifies the self-seeking, ἐριθείας, which could also be translated as “selfish ambition.”[2] It implies that selfish ambition can cause strife and disputes.[3] The self-seeking and those who do not obey the truth will suffer the judgment of wrath and fury.

Romans 2:8-9: but for those who are self-seeking and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness, there will be wrath and fury. ⁹ There will be tribulation and distress for every human being who does evil, the Jew first and also the Greek,

God will not grant rewards to the Jew just because of their heritage.[4] If they do not obey the truth, they can expect His wrath and fury. Note that Paul mentions to every human being who does evil, the Jew first and then the Greek (Gentile, non-Jew). Paul is pointing out the individual, so this is a personal thing.

God is Not Partial

Paul explains that God will grant glory, honor, and peace to all who do good. One will observe that the Jew goes first, then the Gentile. It refers both to blessings and judgment. Both the Jew and the Gentile will be judged because God is not partial.

Romans 2:10-11: but glory and honor and peace for everyone who does good, the Jew first and also the Greek. ¹¹ For God shows no partiality.

Paul’s emphasis in the section from verse one of chapter two is that God is not partial. God will judge both the Jew and the Gentile. Paul is not advocating for salvation by works. He will explain that no one does good. What Paul was driving at is that God is not partial.

Application

1. Believe and understand that God will judge every individual, whether Jew or non-Jew. Each one will be judged according to what they have done. Not because they are Gentile or Jew, but because He will judge every human.

2. Believe and understand that all who practice or have practiced ungodliness and unrighteousness deserve wrath, fury, tribulation, and distress. A person’s only way out is to truly believe the gospel of the Lord Jesus Christ, which is God’s power to salvation.

[1] Michael J. Gorman, Romans (Eerdmans, 2022), Romans 2:6-16.

[2] “Strong’s Greek: 2052. Ἐριθεία (Eritheia) -- Selfish Ambition, Strife, Rivalry,” accessed May 31, 2026, https://biblehub.com/greek/2052.htm.

[3] F. F. Bruce, Romans (IVP, 2015), Romans 2:8.

[4] Thomas R. Schreiner, Romans (Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament), 2nd ed. (Baker Academic, 2018), 113.

Poem

IMPARTIAL GOD
by Ed Pilapil Jr

Now God will render what is due
To every sin that men pursue 
To the righteous, eternal life
But then, who would be qualified?

Self-seekers who promote such strife
Must repent of that kind of life
Else, tribulation and distress
It is judgment like a winepress

Unrepentant and stubborn heart
From God’s righteousness you depart
Knowing the law will not save you
Self-righteousness is a trap, too

God is impartial in judgment
Wrath against sin, that’s the treatment
The gospel is what we all need
There, salvation is guaranteed

Study Guide

1. To whom will God give eternal life? Is Paul promoting salvation by works? (Ro 2:6-7, 3:11-12)

2. What will happen to those who do not obey? (Ro 2:8-9)

3. What does Paul mean when he said that God shows no partiality? Explain. (Ro 2:10-11)

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Eighth in the sermon series, “Romans: Gospel Blueprint.”

Paul explains the wrath of God against all ungodliness and unrighteousness. The apostle also asserts that God gave them up to a depraved mind. The result of God’s judgment includes getting worse in the areas of, but not limited to: idolatry, failing to honor Him, thank Him, homosexuality, lesbianism, gossip, slander, envy, murder, malice, and hating God. The different manners of unrighteousness seem to be more predominant with the Gentiles. However, it is not so, because Israel’s dark past reveals that they also committed such sins despite having the law. Paul shifts his attention to the Jew who feels safe from the wrath of God because they know the law. Paul uses a “diatribe,” a style of writing that employs the singular second person, “you.” It was often used by philosophers in Paul’s time, such as the Stoics. It is dialogue in style. Paul chooses a Jew as his interlocutor, the imaginary person he will be arguing with.[1]

Hypocrites Condemned

Paul explains that condemning sin does not excuse the Jew (or anyone) if they commit the same things. It seems cultural for Jews to condemn the sins common among the Gentiles, but their history shows that they committed such things as well. Yet Paul speaks to their present, focusing on those who do the same evil things.

Romans 2:1: Therefore you have no excuse, O man, every one of you who judges. For in passing judgment on another you condemn yourself, because you, the judge, practice the very same things.

The apostle anticipates the Jewish mind and reasoning. They would agree with him in condemning adultery, homosexuality, lesbianism, and other forms of unrighteousness. However, condemning sin does not make one free of accountability.

No Escape from Judgment

Paul asserts that God’s judgment falls on those who do such things. So, Paul corners those who think that they are safe from God’s wrath just because they are Jews.[2] Paul states that if one does the same things, there is no escape from God’s judgment.

Romans 2:2-3: We know that the judgment of God rightly falls on those who practice such things. ³ Do you suppose, O man—you who judge those who practice such things and yet do them yourself—that you will escape the judgment of God?

It is not enough to know the law. It is not enough to condemn those who violate the law. It is not enough to teach the law. What matters is obeying the law. The Jew must reflect on his ways and understand that the wrath of God, the judgment of God, is also against those who practice such things.

Repentance of Judgment

Paul assumes that his interlocutor agrees with him on God’s kindness and patience. Such is reflected in Scripture: God gives people time to repent.[3] He delays His judgment for the sake of His people. However, despite His patience, if they do not repent, God will bring upon them His righteous judgment.

Romans 2:4-5: Or do you presume on the riches of his kindness and forbearance and patience, not knowing that God’s kindness is meant to lead you to repentance? ⁵ But because of your hard and impenitent heart you are storing up wrath for yourself on the day of wrath when God’s righteous judgment will be revealed.

If the Jewish interlocutor insists that he is free of the judgment of God even though they practice the same unrighteousness, God is “storing up wrath” for the day of judgment. Paul anticipates the stubborn thinking of the Jews, debased still, but debased with the law.

Application

1. Let us engage in self-reflection as often as we can. Condemning sin in others without self-reflection is hypocritical. By His grace, let us continually analyze our lives, which should lead us to confess our sins.

2. There is no escaping God’s judgment without Christ. Let us believe in Christ and let us obey His word. Let us avoid practicing unrighteousness because it leads to judgment.

Let us give thanks to the Lord in His forbearance and kindness. His patience and delay of judgment should lead us to repentance. Let us heed the warning and repent of our sins today.

[1] Douglas J. Moo and Andreas J. Kostenberger, A Theology of Paul and His Letters (Zondervan Academic, 2021), 204.

[2] Frank S. Thielman, Theology of the New Testament (Zondervan Academic, 2011), 352.

[3] Frank S. Thielman, Romans, ed. Clinton E. Arnold, Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament (Zondervan Academic, 2018), 2:4.

Poem

NO EXCUSE
by Ed Pilapil Jr.

Listen, listen well, my brothers
Condemning the sins of others
Does not free you from His judgment
Judgment still remains imminent 

Righteous judgment is only His
There is no excuse who practice
Similar sins of the Gentiles
Now you can check the Jewish files

Also fell to idolatry
It is the same depravity
The Jew and Gentile have fallen
Such things should not be forgotten

Honor then God’s Son who was sent
His patience should make us repent
We must as He delays judgment
Otherwise, expect punishment

Study Guide

1. Why does Paul say the person who judges others is “without excuse”? (Ro 2:1)

2. Who will God judge? Why is it that they cannot escape God’s judgment? (Ro 2:2-3)

3. What are God’s kindness, patience, and forbearance meant to produce in us? (Ro 2:4-5)

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Seventh in the sermon series, “Romans: Gospel Blueprint.”

The apostle’s knowledge of God’s wrath against unrighteousness is a compelling reason why he is not ashamed of the gospel. The gospel is the power of God to salvation (1:16). Without the gospel, there is judgment. That is why Paul is eager to preach the gospel. The apostle said, “God gave them up in the lusts of their hearts to impurity” (1:24). He repeats it, “…God gave them up to dishonorable passions” (1:26). Note that God giving up the unrighteous is not passive; it is a “judicial decision that manifests God’s wrath against humans.”[1] The spiritual and moral decay in itself is a form of God’s judgment. Paul cites the decay into idolatry and sexual perversion, which includes lesbianism and homosexuality. The decay is a departure from God’s design, with consequences.[2] Such is God’s recompense to all who reject the Creator.[3] Is this recompense personal or juridical? The safe answer is both. God is just, but He personally hates sin (Prov. 6:16-19, Ps. 5:5).[4]

Debased Mind

Paul once again states that “God gave them up.” The reason is that they did not acknowledge God. The result of God giving them up is a debased mind, which means that they will get worse spiritually and morally. A debased mind is connected to all manners of unrighteousness, which is a defiance of God’s sovereignty.[5]

Romans 1:28, ESV: And since they did not see fit to acknowledge God, God gave them up to a debased mind to do what ought not to be done.

The consequence of not acknowledging God as Creator, which also refers to the earlier statement of failing to honor and thank Him, is God’s judgment of bringing them to a debased mind. They might think they are wise, but in heaven’s eyes, they are debased.

Manners of Unrighteousness

Paul states the details of a debased mind. In general, it points to unrighteousness and evil. The word “unrighteousness” is ἀδικία in Greek and is translated as “unrighteous,” “wickedness,” “unjust,” or “iniquity.”[6] It connotes a violation of God’s righteous requirements. The apostle lists specific acts of unrighteousness. Some of which can be present in daily life. Now, it is obvious that the whole human race, not just the homosexuals, has a debased mind.

Romans 1:29-31: They were filled with all manner of unrighteousness, evil, covetousness, malice. They are full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, maliciousness. They are gossips, ³⁰ slanderers, haters of God, insolent, haughty, boastful, inventors of evil, disobedient to parents, ³¹ foolish, faithless, heartless, ruthless.

Some sins destroy others’ reputations, like gossip and slander. There is lying and manipulation. There is greed, envy, and murder. As well as malice and maliciousness. Foolish pride and arrogance. Sins pertaining to relationships, like faithlessness and disobedience to parents. Then there is the heartless and ruthless, without mercy. Hating God is also included under unrighteousness. The listed sins and the like are incompatible with a person who lives by faith. The righteous who live by faith live differently.

God’s Righteous Decree

Paul explains that fallen men, despite the darkening of their hearts and minds, know that God disapproves of what they do. Despite knowing this, they do the opposite and approve of those who practice evil. The phrase “righteous decree” is δικαίωμα in Greek, meaning “commandment” or “requirement.”[7] Despite knowing that the judgment is death, humanity even approved and promoted such.

Romans 1:32: Though they know God’s righteous decree that those who practice such things deserve to die, they not only do them but give approval to those who practice them.

Deep inside, every person has a sense of what is evil. But people try to put aside the truth in their conscience so they can do what is pleasurably evil. The consequence is eternal death, which is God’s wrath for eternity. What is Paul’s point? Mankind is guilty and deserving of God’s wrath. That is why Paul is not ashamed of the Gospel and is eager to preach it.

Application

1. Let us worship God, our Creator; honor Him and thank Him. Let us not be one of those who do not acknowledge God in our lives. Instead, we will acknowledge Him in everything.

2. Let us be mindful of the sins we commit; let us confess them to the Lord and seek His forgiveness. Living by faith is the opposite of living in sin. May we continuously pray for the Lord’s strength to overcome sin.

3. Let us not make excuses; remember that the world has none before God. No matter how they deny it, God has placed in them a sense of God’s existence and righteousness. They might call their sin a lifestyle, God will bring judgment to it.

[1] Douglas J. Moo and Andreas J. Kostenberger, A Theology of Paul and His Letters (Zondervan Academic, 2021), 203.

[2] Michael F. Bird and Scot McKnight, Romans (Zondervan Academic, 2016), 60.

[3] Colin G. Kruse, Paul’s Letter to the Romans (Eerdmans, 2012), 79.

[4] Thomas R. Schreiner, Romans (Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament), 2nd ed. (Baker Academic, 2018), 101-102.

[5] Schreiner, Romans (Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament), 97.

[6] “Greek Concordance: Ἀδικίας (Adikias) -- 13 Occurrences,” accessed May 23, 2026, https://biblehub.com/greek/adikias_93.htm.

[7] Richard A. Muller, Dictionary of Latin and Greek Theological Terms (Baker Academic, 2017).

Poem

DEBASED MIND
by Ed Pilapil Jr

A futile mind; a debased mind
The knowledge of God, they declined
Natural functions they declined
Humanity has lost its mind 

There’s malice and maliciousness
Envy, deceit, covetousness
Gossip, slander, and the heartless
Plus the boastful and the faithless

God gave them up; that’s God’s judgment
Full of sinful entanglements
Detrimental entanglements
Expect the worst of God’s judgment

That’s why we must preach the gospel
A gospel for all the people
The wrath of God is revealed to all
Let’s preach the gospel of the Lord

Study Guide

1. Why did God give them up to a debased mind? (Ro 1:28)

2. If you were to classify the sins, what classifications would you put? (Ro 1:29-31) (Note: classification of sin was not the intention of Paul; this exercise is to help us remember)

3. Find a connection between verse 32 and the previous verses, starting from verse 18? (Ro 1:32)

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This is the 6th sermon of the series, “Romans: The Gospel Blueprint.”

Paul explains that the gospel is God’s saving power for everyone who believes. In the gospel, God reveals his righteousness, received by faith. Paul cites Habakkuk 2:4: “The righteous shall live by faith.” Paul then explains why this saving revelation is needed: God’s wrath is revealed against human ungodliness and unrighteousness because people suppress the truth. Creation reveals God’s eternal power and divine nature, leaving humanity without excuse. The result of rejecting this revelation is moral and spiritual decay: a futile mind, a darkened heart, and the exchange of God’s glory for created things, even images resembling humans, birds, animals, and creeping creatures. The apostle will further explain God’s judgment: it is giving them up to spiritual and moral decay.

God’s Wrath

The word “therefore” may refer to the wrath of God and the reasons behind it (1:22-23 or 1:18-23). Mankind’s rejection of the knowledge of God led them to decay. Furthermore, God gave them up to their own lusts. One sign of God’s wrath is people becoming more impure. It implies a loss of restrictions and limits.[1]

Romans 1:24: Therefore God gave them up in the lusts of their hearts to impurity, to the dishonoring of their bodies among themselves,

The failure to acknowledge the Creator, the failure to honor and thank Him, leads to a futile mind and a darkened heart. Paul shows that it also leads to the dishonoring of the body through sexual immorality.

Exchanged the Truth for a Lie

Paul repeats the fall of man by writing that fallen man exchanged the Creator for the created. The apostle explained that men exchanged the truth for a lie; they worshiped and served the created rather than the Creator.

Romans 1:25: because they exchanged the truth about God for a lie and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever! Amen.

The thought of idolatry repulsed Paul so much that he needed to praise the Creator, “who is blessed forever! Amen.”[2] But the apostle has more to say about this decay to decadence.

Dishonorable Passions

Paul repeats, “God gave them up.” This time, he offers greater clarity: the apostle explains that God gave them up to perversion.[3] As exchanging God for lesser beings is unnatural, so men and women succumb to the unnatural. Idolatry is perversion; the shameless sexual acts described are perversion.

Romans 1:26-27: For this reason God gave them up to dishonorable passions. For their women exchanged natural relations for those that are contrary to nature; ²⁷ and the men likewise gave up natural relations with women and were consumed with passion for one another, men committing shameless acts with men and receiving in themselves the due penalty for their error.

Fallen men gave up the obvious: worshiping God. God gave them up so that they abandoned what is obvious: heterosexual sex. Falling into such perversion is a clear sign of God’s wrath.

Application

1. Our only hope is the gospel of Christ, which is the power of God to salvation. Thus, we believe in the gospel because the “just shall live by faith.” On our own, we are sinners who give more importance to the created rather than the Creator.

2. We must understand that God executes His judgment by giving people up to their idolatry and perversions. Such men and women will only store up more wrath. Thus, we preach what is natural: to worship God and to husband-to-wife sexual relationships, that is, male and female.

3. We are not ashamed of the gospel. We must proclaim it because mankind is under the judgment of God. Furthermore, humanity’s decay will continue without God. Let us not be surprised by perversions; yet, like Paul, we do not want to be passive. We must proclaim the gospel.

[1] Michael F. Bird and Scot McKnight, Romans (Zondervan Academic, 2016), 58.

[2] Frank S. Thielman, Romans, ed. Clinton E. Arnold, Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament (Zondervan Academic, 2018), 1:25.

[3] Thielman, Romans, 1:26.

Poem

PERVERSION AND IDOLATRY
by Ed Pilapil Jr

God gave them up, that is judgment
Seen in the perversions of men
It began by suppressing truth
In lies, they think their minds will soothe

The truth of God is what will soothe
He’s the Creator, that’s the truth
There’s no rest for the souls of men
Rebellion only brings judgment

Man’s decay to idolatry
It’s not beautiful poetry
To honor and serve things that creep
It means decay that is so deep

Sexual perversion that is so deep
Like honoring things that creep
Men-to-men is no poetry
Disgusting like idolatry

Study Guide

1. What did God do to those who decayed because they failed to honor and thank Him? (Ro 1:24)

2. What was Paul’s explanation of why God gave them up? (Ro 1:25)

3. Explain the connection between God’s judgment, idolatry, and sexual perversion, such as homosexuality and lesbianism? (Ro 1:26-27)

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This is the 5th sermon of the series, “Romans: The Gospel Blueprint.”

The main idea that Paul focuses on is that the failure to glorify God is the root of sin, especially idolatry. Idolatry is giving worship to that which is lesser; it honors the created rather than the Creator.[1] Men did not automatically fall into idolatry; it began with the failure to honor and thank God. The apostle makes it clear that God has made Himself known through creation. Therefore, there is no excuse (1:20). Those who continue in such practices will have no escape against the wrath of God.

Rejection of God

Humanity’s deepest problem is not ignorance, but rebellion.[2] God has revealed himself clearly through creation, yet fallen man refuses to glorify him as God. There is no excuse: the proper response to the Creator is honor and thanksgiving.

Romans 1:21a, ESV: For although they knew God, they did not honor him as God or give thanks to him…

Despite the knowledge of God made evident in creation, men knew God. But they did not honor Him and gave thanks. Therefore, there is no excuse (1:20). God’s wrath is justified to be upon them. Humankind deserves God’s wrath.

Darkness in the Heart

The consequences of rejecting God, not honoring Him, and thanking Him are clear. It is darkness. The apostle states that they became “futile in their thinking,” meaning foolish and perverted, and their hearts darkened. What is darkness? It is an absence of God’s light.

Romans 1:21b: but they became futile in their thinking, and their foolish hearts were darkened.

Not believing in God is futile and foolish because it does not help their souls. It only brings God’s wrath upon them. Paul is explaining that it is “pointless, useless, and worthless.”[3] Why is it pointless or worthless? Because darkness leads to more darkness.

Exchanging God for Less

Paul continues to explain the consequences of failing to honor and thank God as Creator. When humans assert their wisdom against God, they become fools. The failure to worship God leads to unsound reasoning. They exchanged the glory of God for lesser beings, such as mortal men and creatures.

Romans 1:22-23: Claiming to be wise, they became fools, ²³ and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images resembling mortal man and birds and animals and creeping things.

Note the decay from not honoring and thanking God to futility in thinking, to darkened hearts, to becoming fools, and ultimately to idolatry. Idolatry is the worship and honor of lesser beings instead of God. The obvious is the worship of images resembling the creation.

Application

1. Honor God and offer thanksgiving for His creation. God’s creation speaks of His glory, and His glory is also revealed in His word. There is no excuse for not honoring and thanking Him.

2. Let us proclaim the truth of God’s creation and warn people about the wrath of God against ungodliness and unrighteousness. Let us make people aware that the decay to futility and foolishness begins by failing to honor and thank God.

3. May we always put God first. Our desires and ambitions should not even be in the same ballpark. Let us focus on glorifying Him and avoid worshiping the created world by giving it more importance.

[1] Thomas R. Schreiner, Romans (Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament), 2nd ed. (Baker Academic, 2018), 96.

[2] Beverly Roberts Gaventa, Romans (Westminster John Knox Press, 2024), 55.

[3] Frank S. Thielman, Romans, ed. Clinton E. Arnold, Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament (Zondervan Academic, 2018), 1:21.

Study Guide

1. Paul said that they have no excuse (1:20). What was he referring to? (Ro 1:21a)

2. Explain the consequences of failing to thank and honor God. (Ro 1:21b)

3. What happened to those who claimed to be wise against God? (Ro 1:22-23)

Poem

NO EXCUSE
by Ed Pilapil Jr

The Creator made Himself known
To every man, His glory shown
So there is no excuse for man
Without God, oh man, you are damned

You did not honor or thank Him
And that is why your way is grim
Pointless in thought, darkness in heart
From the Lord, why did you depart?

The rebels thought, we are so wise
They are fools believing in lies
They exchanged God for the lesser
Their souls will decay and pester

Rejected God for mortal man
God’s wrath upon them, that’s the plan
Birds, animals, and things that creep
Against such, God’s wrath is revealed

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This is the 4th sermon of the series, “Romans: The Gospel Blueprint.”

Paul expressed his sense of indebtedness to his responsibility to preach the gospel: “I am under obligation.” He also expressed his desire, “I am eager to preach.” Then he expressed his confidence, “I am not ashamed of the gospel.” The reason for not being ashamed is that the gospel is the power of God to salvation. The reason behind this is that the righteousness of God is by faith from then until now, as he supports this by quoting Habakkuk 2:4: “The righteous shall live by faith.”[1] The apostle writes a chain of reasons to explain. Each reason explains the previous statement. Grammatically, they are called subordinate clauses.[2] He proceeds by giving the reason for the previous statements, which includes the wrath of God against all ungodliness.

God’s Wrath vs. Ungodliness

Paul makes it clear that God’s wrath is against all ungodliness and unrighteousness. Ungodliness and unrighteousness are obviously sin and wickedness, but what is God’s wrath? The apostle portrays God’s wrath as God’s judgment; it is the consequence of sin.[3]

Romans 1:18, ESV: For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who by their unrighteousness suppress the truth.

The apostle stated that unrighteousness suppresses the truth. Humanity suppressed the truth about God with the lie about the Creator.[4] Such will be made clear in Paul’s subsequent explanations. It seems that the rhetoric is against the Gentiles who worship idols, but the word “men” or anthropoõs suggest it is for all. Many suppress the truth about God, and they use many ways to do so. God’s wrath is against them.

God Reveals

Paul asserts that God has shown Himself to mankind. God has shown enough for men and women to worship Him.[5] But the fallen man finds ways to suppress this truth. They would worship lesser forms, and in today’s world, some deny His very existence.

Romans 1:19: For what can be known about God is plain to them, because God has shown it to them.

The apostle is not saying that all the deep mysteries of God are revealed to humankind, but that God has put within them a sense of God’s existence.[6] However, men and women have suppressed the truth.

No Excuse

Paul explains that God’s eternal power and divine nature are revealed in creation. This should be clearly understood by mankind. Therefore, God is just to hold them accountable for failing to worship the Creator. Instead, they suppressed this truth.

Romans 1:20: For his invisible attributes, namely, his eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly perceived, ever since the creation of the world, in the things that have been made. So they are without excuse.

Note the play of words of the apostle: the invisible is perceived. Or, through the visible creation, people should understand the invisible power and nature of God. People who do not worship Him are without excuse.

Application

1. We should not be ashamed of the gospel because it is God’s power to save through faith. Furthermore, the wrath of God is revealed against all ungodliness and unrighteousness.

2. Let us explain to others that God’s wrath, His fierce judgment, has already passed against all ungodliness and unrighteousness. The full weight and consequence may be delayed, but it is already set to all who do not worship Him.

3. Let us not suppress the truth that God is real and He is the Creator of the universe. The visible creation speaks of the reality of the sovereign God. Let us explain to believers and unbelievers alike that there is no excuse not to worship God.

[1] Gerald L. Bray and Thomas C. Oden, Romans, 2nd ed. (IVP Academic, 2014), 30.

[2] Paul J. Achtemeier, Romans (Westminster John Knox Press, 2010), 35.

[3] Beverly Roberts Gaventa, Romans (Westminster John Knox Press, 2024), 58.

[4] Gaventa, Romans, 59.

[5] Frank S. Thielman, Romans, ed. Clinton E. Arnold, Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament (Zondervan Academic, 2018), Chapter 3.

[6] Thielman, Romans, Chapter 3.

Poem

WRATH AND JUDGMENT
by Ed Pilapil Jr.

The wrath of God, what does it mean?
A judgment against all who sin
Those who practice ungodliness
It also means unrighteousness

The judgment of God is revealed
Those who suppress what they perceive
Why then suppress the truth they see
Creation with such clarity

Creation has a Creator
Humankind knows this to the core
We see the LORD’s divine nature
In creation, that is for sure

If you suppress the truth, beware
For eternity, you will stare
The wrath of God with clarity
Expect it for eternity

Study Guide

1. What is the wrath of God revealed against? (Ro 1:18)

2. What did God show mankind? (Ro 1:19-20)

3. Who is without excuse and why? (Ro 1:18,20)

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This is the third sermon of the series, “Romans: The Gospel Blueprint.”

Paul introduced himself as a slave and apostle of Christ for the gospel. He clarified that the gospel is about Christ, whom the Father promised, and the prophets prophesied long ago, as revealed in the Scriptures. Paul explained that the gospel is about the resurrection of the Son of God (Ro 1:1-5). Paul calls the Roman believers beloved by God and called to be saints (Ro 1:6-7). The apostle expressed his intent to visit Rome and preach the gospel there (Ro 1:14-15). He then states the theme of his letter.

I am not ashamed

Paul stated, “I am under obligation” (Ro. 1:14). Then he said, “I am eager to preach the gospel in… in Rome” (Ro. 1:15). Now, he says, “I am not ashamed of the gospel. It speaks to his willingness to proclaim the gospel despite opposition.[1] Paul will explain in the succeeding verses why he is not ashamed of the gospel.

Romans 1:16a, ESV: For I am not ashamed of the gospel…

Paul admonished Timothy not to be ashamed of the gospel. He also asked Timothy not to be ashamed of him as a prisoner because of Christ (2 Tim 1:8). Jesus warned His disciples not to be ashamed of Him; otherwise, He will be ashamed of them before the Father (Lk 9:26).

Power of God for salvation

Paul is not ashamed of the gospel because it is the power of God for salvation. The gospel is not merely a message about God’s power; it is God’s appointed means of bringing salvation to everyone who believes.

Romans 1:16b: …for it is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes, to the Jew first and also to the Greek.

The gospel is not limited to the Jews or the Greeks; it is for all types of people, for all tribes, tongues, and nations. The means of salvation for all is the gospel, and salvation comes to all who believe.

Live by faith

In the gospel, the righteousness of God is revealed, showing how sinners are made right with Him through Christ.[2] “From faith to faith” means this righteousness is received by faith from the Old to the New.[3] “The just shall live by faith” teaches that the righteous person has eternal life through faith.

Romans 1:17: For in it the righteousness of God is revealed from faith for faith, as it is written, “The righteous shall live by faith.”

The apostle cited Habakkuk 2:4 to show that righteousness before God has always been by faith, not by works. By using this Old Testament text, Paul demonstrates that the gospel message is consistent with Scripture: the righteous live by faith.

Application

1. Every believer should not be ashamed of the gospel. We should feel obligated to share it and eager to proclaim it. Let us heed the warning of Christ Himself that He will be ashamed of all who are ashamed of Him.

2. Because the gospel is God’s power for salvation, we must confidently proclaim it to every person, trusting that God saves all who believe without distinction. No one is beyond its reach. No one is outside its call.

3. Since the gospel reveals the righteousness of God, we must abandon all confidence in our own works and trust wholly in Christ. Understand that the righteousness of God is received by faith. The righteous live by faith.

Poem

FAITH AND RIGHTEOUSNESS
by Ed Pilapil Jr

I am under obligation
To proclaim the resurrection
I am eager to preach in Rome
Salvation is in Christ alone

He then said, I am not ashamed
Of the gospel that he proclaims
Power of God for salvation
For the Jews, Greeks, and all nations

Salvation for all who believe
Therefore, let no one be deceived
It is about God’s righteousness
It’s never about man’s holiness

Paul wrote, the just shall live by faith
From Old to New, that is the way
From faith to faith, from then ‘til now
Believe His word, to Him we bow

Study Guide

1. What are the three affirmations of Paul (I am…)? (Ro 1:14-16a)

2. Why is Paul not ashamed of the gospel? (Ro 1:16b)

3. What does it mean that the just shall live by faith? (Ro 1:17).

[1] Thomas R. Schreiner. Romans (Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament), 2nd ed. (Baker Academic, 2018), 64.

[2] John Stott, The Message of Romans (IVP, 2014), Paul and evangelism.

[3] Thomas C. Oden and Gerald L. Bray, Romans, 2nd ed. (IVP Academic, 2014), 30.

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This is the second sermon of the series, “Romans: The Gospel Blueprint.”

Paul established that he is a slave and apostle of Christ, and his apostleship is for the gospel (Rom. 1:1). He stated key elements of the gospel that the gospel is concerning the Son who was prophesied in Scripture, and that He is a descendant of David, and that this Son was raised from the dead by the Holy Spirit. He calls the Romans beloved of God and called to be saints, meaning sanctified and holy; it implies that God’s beloved are called to be holy. The apostle offers thanksgiving for the steadfast faith of the Roman believers. He expresses his desire to visit Rome to proclaim the gospel.

Thanksgiving and Prayer

Paul gives thanks for the faith of the Roman believers, which is well known among believers throughout the known world. Paul then says God is his witness that he constantly remembers them in prayer. He convinces them of his sincerity by stating that God is the witness to the prayers. Paul submits to God’s will and hopes to succeed in his planned visit.

Romans 1:8-10, ESV: First, I thank my God through Jesus Christ for all of you, because your faith is proclaimed in all the world. ⁹ For God is my witness, whom I serve with my spirit in the gospel of his Son, that without ceasing I mention you ¹⁰ always in my prayers, asking that somehow by God’s will I may now at last succeed in coming to you.

One should note that Paul stated that he serves God in the gospel of His Son. At the beginning of his letter, he stated that he is “set apart for the gospel of God” (Rom. 1:1). Now, Paul claims to serve God in the gospel of His Son. He shows that he is a servant and that the gospel belongs to God and His Son.

Mutual Encouragement

Paul expresses his desire to see the Roman believers. His purpose is to impart a spiritual gift to strengthen their faith. The spiritual gift is probably a teaching or a word of exhortation, or working together.[1] The goal is mutual encouragement, which is necessary in the body of Christ.

Romans 1:11-12: For I long to see you, that I may impart to you some spiritual gift to strengthen you— ¹² that is, that we may be mutually encouraged by each other’s faith, both yours and mine.

Paul quickly adds that this strengthening would be mutual, because he also expects to be encouraged by their faith. Even as an apostle, Paul does not act pridefully, but humbly acknowledges that God encourages His people through one another. These verses teach that in the body of Christ, both ministers and members are blessed and strengthened through shared faith in the gospel.

Gospel Mission

Paul says he planned to visit them but had been hindered until now. His purpose includes that he might reap a harvest among them just as he had among other Gentiles. Paul then says he feels a divine obligation to preach the gospel to all kinds of people. The phrase “under obligation” may also be translated as “indebted.”[2]

Romans 1:13-15: I do not want you to be unaware, brothers, that I have often intended to come to you (but thus far have been prevented), in order that I may reap some harvest among you as well as among the rest of the Gentiles. ¹⁴ I am under obligation both to Greeks and to barbarians, both to the wise and to the foolish. ¹⁵ So I am eager to preach the gospel to you also who are in Rome.

This shows that the gospel is not limited to one culture, class, or level of education, but is for the whole world. Therefore, Paul says he is eager to preach the gospel in Rome as well, showing both his zeal for Christ and, probably, his desire to make sure they understood the gospel clearly.

Application

1. Let us remain thankful to the Lord for every church community that remains steadfast in its faith. Let us also pray for the other church communities with whom we partner or wish to partner.

2. Let us desire to bless other church communities, which includes supporting them in prayer, giving, and visitation. Believers must expand their awareness of God’s move in other church communities.

3. Let us proclaim the gospel to other church communities because it is central to the Christian life. Let us proclaim the gospel to the lost here and in other places, so that all the Gentiles will hear of the gospel.

[1] Schreiner et al., Romans (Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament), 2nd ed. (Baker Academic, 2018), 59.

[2] David Garland, Romans (IVP, 2021), The Letter Opening.

Bibliography

Garland, David. Romans. IVP, 2021.

Schreiner, Thomas R, Yarbrough, Robert W, Jipp, and Joshua. Romans (Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament). 2nd ed. Baker Academic, 2018.

Poem

TOGETHER FOR THE GOSPEL 
by Ed Pilapil Jr.

Thank the Father through Christ the Lord
For all who are steadfast, yes, all
By His grace, their faith was well-known
They are the believers in Rome

The apostle longed to visit
To impart a spiritual gift
He expressed his sincere prayers
For the gospel, to be partners

The Romans and the apostle
Them together for the gospel
For the fullness of the Gentiles
The mission entails many miles

In Rome or Spain, many races
As well as to many places
His gospel will spread to many
Gospel power through you and me

Study Guide

1. What was Paul’s thanksgiving, and what was his prayer? (Rom. 1:8-10)

2. What is the dual nature of the spiritual gift that Paul wants to impart? (Rom. 1:11-12)

3. Explain the sense of obligation or indebtedness that Paul mentioned. (Rom. 1:13-15).

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This is the first sermon of the series, “Romans: The Gospel Blueprint.”

Paul did not plant the Roman church, but he sought to partner with them to spread the gospel in Spain.[1] The “visitors from Rome, both Jews and proselytes,” during Pentecost may have brought the gospel back to Rome.[2] The apostle wrote to the Roman church probably from Corinth in 57 AD.[3] Paul explains the gospel with clarity to establish or to communicate what he believes. He would then address the tension between Jews and Gentiles. The Emperor Claudius expelled the Jews from Rome (Acts 18:2), but his successor, Emperor Nero, took the opposite approach. The Roman church community was primarily planted and led by Jewish believers, but after their expulsion, Gentile believers became the majority. As the Jews went back, a certain tension occurred between them.[4] Paul addresses this tension, but he first points all the readers to the gospel. Since Paul did not plant the church in Rome, he introduced himself as a slave and established his authority as an apostle of Christ.

Slave and Apostle

Paul introduces himself as Christ’s slave, doulos (δοῦλος). Paul is stating who his Master is, Christ Jesus. Another claim that Paul made was apostle. He introduced himself as an apostle set apart for the gospel; he believes even before his birth (Gal. 1:15). Paul is a slave of Christ, yet carries the authority of Christ for the gospel.

Romans 1:1, ESV: Paul, a servant of Christ Jesus, called to be an apostle, set apart for the gospel of God,

What is an apostle? The dictionary meaning is that an apostle is an emissary or official representative. However, the apostles of Christ are divinely chosen by Christ Himself to represent Him directly. Thus, a messenger differs from one called to the apostolic office. An apostle of Christ, then, is Christ’s direct representative who bears His authority. The apostolic age covered the day of Pentecost until John’s death.[5] Note that none of the Church fathers claimed to be an apostle, unlike today, when many claim to be apostles. Of course, they are fake.

One sign of the NT apostles is that they were with Christ, except Paul, who received his revelation from the resurrected Christ. Peter and the others confirmed Paul’s apostleship to the Gentiles (Gal. 2:9). Another sign of an apostle is signs, wonders, and mighty deeds (2 Cor. 12:12). And lastly, they are emissaries of the pure gospel of Christ, which is reflected in their inspired writings (2 Pet. 3:15-16).

The Gospel

The apostle explains key elements of the gospel that he is an emissary of. The gospel is not a new invention; it was promised by the prophets in accordance with the Scriptures. The gospel is about the Son, and this Son descended from David, which is prophetic as well. The Holy Spirit declared that Christ is the Son of God through the resurrection.[6]

Romans 1:2-4: which he promised beforehand through his prophets in the holy Scriptures, ³ concerning his Son, who was descended from David according to the flesh ⁴ and was declared to be the Son of God in power according to the Spirit of holiness by his resurrection from the dead, Jesus Christ our Lord,

Paul introduced himself, but more than that, he explained the key summary elements of the gospel. He would expound on the gospel throughout the first part of the epistle. It included the prophecies, the lineage, the Son, and the resurrection.

Paul did not plant the church in Rome, so showing that they believed in the same thing was essential. The gospel binds them together, and the gospel should also bind together the Roman church, especially between Jew and Gentile.

Greeting: Salvation and Holiness

The apostle explains that he received salvation (grace) and his assignment (apostleship) from the Lord Jesus Christ. His mission is to bring about the “obedience of faith” or “an obedience that is faith” among all nations.[7] Nations is derived from the Greek ethnos (ἔθνος), which means tribes or races. He describes the Roman believers as being called to belong to Christ, and Paul greets them with grace and peace.

Romans 1:5-7: through whom we have received grace and apostleship to bring about the obedience of faith for the sake of his name among all the nations, ⁶ including you who are called to belong to Jesus Christ,

To all those in Rome who are loved by God and called to be saints: Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

Paul’s greeting includes calling the Roman believers (Gentile majority) “loved by God and called to be saints.” Somehow, he implies that God’s love in us also brings about holiness or being set apart for Him as saints. The greeting embodies many of the things he will elaborate on in the letter. He greets, saying grace and peace from the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

Application

1. Let us live as slaves of Christ, submitted to His authority, but also carry the confidence that we are called to proclaim the gospel under His word’s authority. Let us also be careful of all who claim to be apostles today. Not even the church fathers considered themselves on the same level as the apostles.

2. The gospel is about Christ and His work, accomplished in the resurrection. Before we call for a response in faith and repentance, we must make the details clear. The gospel is not a new invention; it is the grand plan of God, sown in the Law, the Prophets, and the Psalms.

3. His grace comes with a mission; salvation comes with a call to proclaim. His love for us leads to holiness, or being a saint, which means being set apart for His purpose. Whenever we speak of His love, we must speak of holiness and obedience.

Notes

[1] F. F. Bruce, Romans (IVP, 2015), Intro.

[2] Douglas J. Moo, The Letter to the Romans, 2nd ed. (Eerdmans, 2018), 4.

[3] F. F. Bruce, Romans (IVP, 2015), Intro.

[4] Frank S. Thielman, Romans, ed. Clinton E. Arnold, Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament (Zondervan Academic, 2018), Intro.

[5] Merrill F. Unger Merrill F. Unger and R. K. Harrison R. K. Harrison, The New Unger’s Bible Dictionary, 1st ed. (Moody Publishers, 2009), 87.

[6] Bruce, Romans, Salutation.

[7] Schreiner et al., Romans (Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament), 2nd ed. (Baker Academic, 2018), 40.

Bibliography

Bruce, F. F. Romans. IVP, 2015.

Merrill F. Unger, Merrill F. Unger, and R. K. Harrison R. K. Harrison. The New Unger’s Bible Dictionary. 1st ed. Moody Publishers, 2009.

Moo, Douglas J. The Letter to the Romans. 2nd ed. Eerdmans, 2018.

Schreiner, Thomas R, Yarbrough, Robert W, Jipp, and Joshua. Romans (Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament). 2nd ed. Baker Academic, 2018.

Thielman, Frank S. Romans. Edited by Clinton E. Arnold. Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament. Zondervan Academic, 2018.

POEM

BELOVED AND HOLY
by Ed Pilapil Jr

A slave of Christ, his name was Paul
Called to be the Lord’s apostle
To proclaim the gospel to all
All nations, races, and people

The gospel is about the Son
A son of David, He’s the One
Promised through the prophets, the Son
Rose from the dead, the only One

From ancient times, the LORD promised
The LORD promised through the prophets
Rising again can’t be dismissed
The Messiah that was promised

Beloved, called to be holy
Salvation leads to His calling
Let us all listen intently
His love calls us to be holy

Study Guide

1. How did Paul introduce himself? Cite the key elements and explain the connection with each element. (Rom 1:1)

2. What key elements of the gospel did Paul mention? Explain each. (Rom 1:2-4)

3. Explain the connections of grace and apostleship. Explain as well “loved by God” and “called to be saints.” (Rom 1:5-7).

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This is the sixth and final sermon in our series, “Disciple.”

We close our mini-series, “Disciple,” with this message. Christ commanded His disciples to make disciples of all nations. Their confidence is His authority and the promise of His Spirit until the end. Our study led us to understand that a disciple is a follower, and Christ defined what He expected of His disciples. A disciple must love Him above all, deny the self, die to self, leave all behind, not delay, and make no excuses. In making disciples, the Lord called them, and they immediately left what they were doing to follow Him. He appointed twelve who would be with Him, and so He may send them out to preach. The apostles followed this model of teaching and fellowship; those who believed would proclaim the gospel.

Repent & Be Baptized

People asked what they should do. Peter answered that they should repent and be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of sins. Peter also mentioned the Holy Spirit of promise; He is the promise to all who are called to God.

“Now when they heard this they were cut to the heart, and said to Peter and the rest of the apostles, “Brothers, what shall we do?” ³⁸ And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. ³⁹ For the promise is for you and for your children and for all who are far off, everyone whom the Lord our God calls to himself.” ⁴⁰ And with many other words he bore witness and continued to exhort them, saying, “Save yourselves from this crooked generation.” ⁴¹ So those who received his word were baptized, and there were added that day about three thousand souls” (Acts 2:37-41, ESV).

Peter warned the people to leave their crooked generation. Three thousand were added to the disciples that day. Repentance is a change of mind, which includes the conviction of sin; to be baptized, to die to self, and be buried. It is an outward symbol of an internal commitment to be His disciple.

Teaching & Fellowship

The apostles followed Christ’s model and instructions. They taught what Jesus taught them, and they broke bread and fellowshipped daily. The disciples supported each other spiritually and materially. The Lord manifested signs and wonders in their midst.

“And they devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers. ⁴³ And awe came upon every soul, and many wonders and signs were being done through the apostles. ⁴⁴ And all who believed were together and had all things in common. ⁴⁵ And they were selling their possessions and belongings and distributing the proceeds to all, as any had need. ⁴⁶ And day by day, attending the temple together and breaking bread in their homes, they received their food with glad and generous hearts” (Acts 2:42-46).

Jesus appointed twelve so they could be with Him and send them out to preach. In the same way, those who heard the gospel should be with the apostles so that they would learn and they would fellowship.

The Lord Added

The new community in Christ continued the apostles’ teaching, breaking of bread, prayers, blessing each other, praising God, and gained favor; the Lord added to their number all who were being saved. The author, Luke, made it clear that it was the Lord who added.

“praising God and having favor with all the people. And the Lord added to their number day by day those who were being saved” (Acts 2:47).

God added to their number, and it is God who will accomplish the task of making disciples of all nations. Yet He is gracious to allow His disciples to participate in His grand plan until the end.

Application

1. Let us proclaim the gospel, but let us remember that it is God who calls people to Himself. Salvation of people is God’s agenda; we trust His will and ways. Our role is to proclaim the pure gospel and call people to repent and be disciples.

2. As the apostles taught His word, so should we teach His word. Moreover, we are to practice fellowship continuously and remember the Lord’s death and resurrection. Furthermore, we support each other as a community in Christ.

3. The Lord will add to those who are being saved. Let us praise Him for His marvelous work. Let us remember that God’s mission will be fulfilled. Let us remember that serving Him is a responsibility and a privilege.

Poem

GOD OF THE MISSION
by Ed Pilapil Jr

What shall we do? The people mumbled
Repent and be baptized, he said
The gospel unmasked; hearts trembled
In Christ, there is forgiveness, he said

They devoted themselves to this
Apostles’ teaching, fellowship
Sharing what they had gave them bliss
Perhaps easing those in hardship

His power, displayed among them
They praised God, and they prayed in awe
Souls forgiven and not condemned
Community life, others saw

Celebrating resurrection
The Lord added to their number
Christ is the Lord of the mission
All Jesus called, He will gather

Study Guide

1. What was Peter’s response to those who asked, “What shall we do?” What will happen if they do what they need to do? (Acts 2:37-41)

2. Explain the regular activities and habits of those who repented and were baptized. (Acts 2:42-46)

3. Explain the significance of the phrase, “The Lord added…” in relation to the mission of making disciples. (Acts 2:47).

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This is part 5 of the sermon series, “Disciple.”

Jesus calls Simon Peter and Andrew to follow Him. He made his intentions clear that He would make them fishers of men. The Lord also called James and John. All four of them left what they were doing to follow Him. The Lord’s design is for the disciples to be with Him and to send them to preach. After the Lord’s resurrection and ascension, the apostles followed the pattern of fellowshipping with the new disciples while teaching them what they learned from Christ.

Immediately

When Jesus called Simon and Andrew to follow Him, they immediately left their nets to follow Him. When Jesus called James and John, they immediately left their father in the boat to follow Jesus. Christ’s intention was to make them fishers of men.

Mark 1:16-20: Passing alongside the Sea of Galilee, he saw Simon and Andrew the brother of Simon casting a net into the sea, for they were fishermen. ¹⁷ And Jesus said to them, “Follow me, and I will make you become fishers of men.” ¹⁸ And immediately they left their nets and followed him. ¹⁹ And going on a little farther, he saw James the son of Zebedee and John his brother, who were in their boat mending the nets. ²⁰ And immediately he called them, and they left their father Zebedee in the boat with the hired servants and followed him.

One must note that Simon, Andrew, James, and John immediately followed Christ. Were they busy when Jesus called them to follow? Yes, they were busy either casting nets or mending nets. They left what they were doing in order to follow Christ.

Design

The Lord appointed the twelve, and His intent was clear. The disciples were to be with Him so that He could send them to preach. By being with Christ, they would observe, listen, obey, and preach. Such was the design for the twelve.

Mark 3:13-14: And he went up on the mountain and called to him those whom he desired, and they came to him. ¹⁴ And he appointed twelve (whom he also named apostles) so that they might be with him and he might send them out to preach

In the first century, it was the norm to live with or near your teacher. Learning moments happen throughout the day. Christ kept His disciples close so they could witness not only what He taught but also who He is. Furthermore, He would empower them to do the work of God.

Continuity

After Christ’s resurrection and ascension, He sent His disciples to fulfill the mission. The apostles followed the same pattern that Jesus used. The newly baptized continued in the apostles’ teaching, which was the teachings of Christ. Furthermore, they fellowshipped with them and practiced communion with prayers.

Acts 2:42: And they devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers.

With the way they learned and fellowshipped together, the Lord added to their number. Moreover, many of these will be scattered by persecution, and they will proclaim the gospel to others wherever they go.

Application

1. Let us immediately follow Christ by leaving everything behind. His intent is to make us participants of the mission, to be fishers of men. Genuine disciples put Christ and His mission first, above all.

2. We should maintain close communion with Christ through prayer, worship, and meditation on His word. Our fellowship with the Triune God must be consistent and ongoing. With that confidence, we must proclaim the gospel.

3. When we make disciples, we must teach the word of God and fellowship with them. Furthermore, we will explain to them the design of Christ that genuine disciples must proclaim the gospel and make disciples.

Poem

TO BE WITH HIM
by Ed Pilapil Jr.

The Lord Jesus said, follow Me
The word used was, immediately
Immediately, they followed Him
It was quick; there was no waiting

They left their nets and their father
They were the two sets of brothers
Christ would still appoint the others
Their journey should not be bothered

A journey with the Son of Man 
To be with Jesus was the plan
To know Him and to make Him known
Salvation is in Christ alone

Disciples are fishers of men
It is true now as it was then
The apostles continuing
His teaching and fellowshipping

Study Guide

1. How did Simon, Andrew, James, and John respond to the call of Christ to follow Him? (Mark 1:16-20)

2. Explain Christ’s design for those whom He called to be disciples. (Mark 3:13-14)

3. After the resurrection and ascension, what did the apostles do with the new disciples? (Acts 2:42).

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This is part 4 of the sermon series, “Disciple.”

There were people who wanted to follow Christ, and there were people whom Christ called to follow. Luke highlights three conversations about following Christ. In these conversations, one may understand what Christ expects of a follower. Another term for follower is “disciple.” Somehow, the Lord established the standard of being a genuine disciple. His genuine disciple will face all discomfort and will not delay. In other words, a disciple’s commitment to Christ is above all.

Discomfort

A person expresses his intent to follow the Lord. But the Lord warns the one who intends to follow of the hardship. He explains that foxes and birds have places to stay, but He has none. Jesus speaks metaphorically of the challenges.

Luke 9:57-58, ESV: As they were going along the road, someone said to him, “I will follow you wherever you go.” ⁵⁸ And Jesus said to him, “Foxes have holes, and birds of the air have nests, but the Son of Man has nowhere to lay his head.”

It is good to note that the term “fox” is used to describe the political adversaries of the Jewish people. If that is true, then Jesus was implying that those in power might give you a better place to stay and give you other comforts. A true disciple is prepared to bear whatever discomfort for His sake.

No Delays

The Lord explains that following Him is more important than burying one’s father. In a cultural context, burying one’s father may mean waiting until he dies or transferring the bones from the burial site to the grave of the ancestors after one year. Note as well that following Christ entails proclaiming His kingdom.

Luke 9:59-60: To another he said, “Follow me.” But he said, “Lord, let me first go and bury my father.” ⁶⁰ And Jesus said to him, “Leave the dead to bury their own dead. But as for you, go and proclaim the kingdom of God.”

Another way of looking at this is that those who do not follow the Lord are spiritually dead. If they do not want to follow, let them be, as long as you follow without delay. Although this perspective might be unlikely.

No Distractions

Another one expresses his desire to follow, but wants to say goodbye to his family. This might be a reference to Elijah putting his mantle on Elisha while Elisha was plowing. Elisha accepts the call but requests to say goodbye to his family. Elijah agreed, but Jesus did not. Following Jesus is urgent and demands no permission from others.

Luke 9:61-62: Yet another said, “I will follow you, Lord, but let me first say farewell to those at my home.” ⁶² Jesus said to him, “No one who puts his hand to the plow and looks back is fit for the kingdom of God.”

Once a disciple leaves everyone and everything behind, there should be no looking back. A plowman should plow straight; looking back ruins the work. Once a disciple leaves the old life without Christ, they should not go back to it. If they do, according to Christ, they are not fit for the kingdom of God.

Application

1. Let us not follow in word only but also in deed. Let us follow Christ despite the discomfort. If He provides for our comfort, let us praise Him; if He does not, then let us also praise Him.

2. Let us not make any excuses when following Christ. Nothing is more important and urgent. While we should continue to respect our parents, our duty to proclaim the kingdom of God is higher than our duty to our parents.

3. Let us follow Christ now. There is no need for permission from family or friends. We should not delay in following Christ. Let us remember what Christ expects of a disciple. Let us become disciples and let us make disciples in His name.

POEM

FOLLOW THE SON OF MAN
by Ed Pilapil Jr.

Will you follow the Son of Man?
But to follow is more than words
It is more than a scheme or plan
More comfort in foxes and birds

Will you follow the Son of Man?
There is no excuse, no burial
No delaying or waiting plan
Jesus requires self-denial

Will you follow the Son of Man?
Note: no farewells or permissions
All in, no delays, that’s the plan
Give the absolute devotion

No such thing as half devotion
Proclaim the kingdom, that’s His plan
That’s now, no need for permission
Will you follow the Son of Man?

Study Guide

1. According to the passage, what does it mean to follow Jesus?

2. How does this passage compare to Luke 14:25-33?

3. Knowing what a disciple is according to Jesus, what do you think Jesus meant when He commanded His disciples to make disciples?

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This is part 3 of the sermon series, “Disciple.”

In a generic sense, the word “disciple” means a learner, a follower, an adherent, and an apprentice. But what does it mean, specifically, to be a disciple of Christ? Christ has determined that with clarity. Luke records Christ explaining who cannot be His disciple. By highlighting those who are disqualified, one comes to understand what it means to be a genuine disciple of Christ. The text reveals that many people accompanied Him; He clarified what it truly means to be His disciple. Anyone who listens or reads the text intently would ponder the seriousness and depth of the necessary commitment.

Christ Incomparable

Christ uses strong words that clarify what it means to be a disciple. Those who follow Him but do not “hate” the closest people in their lives and their own lives cannot be His disciples. What does “hate” mean in the context? It means Christ should be above all; no one can compare.

Luke 14:25-27: Now great crowds accompanied him, and he turned and said to them, ²⁶ “If anyone comes to me and does not hate his own father and mother and wife and children and brothers and sisters, yes, and even his own life, he cannot be my disciple. Whoever does not bear his own cross and come after me cannot be my disciple.

The usage of the word “hate” here does not mean murderous hate, uncontrollable anger, or unforgiveness. Christ uses a powerful hyperbole. What it meant was that no one can compare to Christ. No one is a close second. Everything close, including one’s own life, is at the opposite end of the spectrum.

Matthew records a similar but slightly different version (Matt 10:37-38). The similarity is that Christ is above all in a disciple’s life. The difference is that Luke’s version uses the word “hate,” μισεῖ (misei), which refers to loving less or detesting. Thus, one can state that compared to Christ, there is no one close enough to challenge one’s commitment.

Christ uses a figure of speech, hyperbole or exaggeration, to deliver His emphasis. Christ does not promote neglect of family and self. But a genuine disciple is clear about who is preeminent in their lives.

Know the Cost

The Lord uses two illustrations: building a tower and going to war. The illustration warns against those who failed to count the cost or those who did not think things through. As if He is telling the crowd, not everyone can be my disciple, only those willing to pay the price, which is everything.

Luke 14:28-32: For which of you, desiring to build a tower, does not first sit down and count the cost, whether he has enough to complete it? ²⁹ Otherwise, when he has laid a foundation and is not able to finish, all who see it begin to mock him, ³⁰ saying, ‘This man began to build and was not able to finish.’ ³¹ Or what king, going out to encounter another king in war, will not sit down first and deliberate whether he is able with ten thousand to meet him who comes against him with twenty thousand? ³² And if not, while the other is yet a great way off, he sends a delegation and asks for terms of peace.

Genuine disciples will carefully consider and weigh the expectations of Christ. Furthermore, genuine disciples will go all in. Why? Christ is incomparable. There is nothing in this life that can compare to who He is and what He promised in eternity. However, it takes a denial of self and a death to self.

Renounce All

Christ clarified the criteria for those who cannot be His disciples. He also explained the importance of thinking carefully, using two illustrations: building a building and going to war. His main point, which summarizes the previous points, is: renounce all, give up all, and say goodbye to everything.

Luke 14:33: So therefore, any one of you who does not renounce all that he has cannot be my disciple.

Nothing is more important to the disciple than Christ. There is no close second place; the second is far away compared to Christ. Or one may even argue that there is no one second. Everything is done for Christ, including taking responsibility over family and the self.

Application

1. By His grace, let us set Christ above all that is dear to us, including our own lives. Let us prepare to suffer humiliation and hardships when we follow Him as genuine disciples. Let us remind ourselves: we choose Christ, and we choose to obey even if the self does not want, even if the closest to us does not.

2. Becoming a disciple is not something we take lightly. We know what Christ expects; it is everything. By His grace, we determine not to be the ones who stop following Him. All that we have and all that we hold dear belongs to Him, not us. Thus, we are stewards, not owners. We will follow this mindset with us until death.

3. By His grace, we determine to be genuine disciples and we determine to make disciples. What kind of disciples? The kind that Christ explained. In His name, we disciple others by teaching them to surrender to Christ, that He is first above all, no one can compare, and that all of us should give up all for Him.

Poem

GO ALL IN
by Ed Pilapil Jr.

The Lord Christ alone we follow
Not family, not friends, no one
Compared to Him, all is shallow
How dare I compare anyone?

O foolish one, think carefully
The Triune God is the treasure
Do not live your life thoughtlessly
Set your heart on the real treasure

We cry death to selfish desires
Also known as self-denial
This commitment does not expire
A commitment full of trials

The words of Christ give clarity
People like me should go all in
In His name, follow completely
No reservations, go all in!

Study Guide

1. Who cannot be His disciple?

2. How did Jesus use the word “hate” to drive His point?

3. How do the two illustrations (vv. 28-32) connect with the previous statement (vv. 25-27) and with the succeeding statement (v.33)?

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This is part 2 of a sermon series, “DISCIPLE.”

When the Lord Jesus Christ commanded His disciples to make disciples of all nations, they understood what he meant. They understood because the Lord taught them what it meant to be His disciple. The common usage of the word “disciple,” mathetes in Greek (μαθητής), is a learner, follower, apprentice, and adherent. In those days, learned men, teachers, would set their terms and conditions for those who wanted to become their disciples. Christ also set His terms and standards clearly: to be His disciple is to put Him first, above family and above self. That devotion will divide households and bring conflict where Christ is not adhered to. The genuine disciple of Christ will be despised and rejected, but to those who receive the disciple, God will reward.

Division

The Lord warns that His arrival will bring division like a sword. People must choose either to follow Him or go against Him. When some in the family submit to Christ, but others reject Him, expect the closest relationships to be divided.

Matthew 10:34-36: “Do not think that I have come to bring peace to the earth. I have not come to bring peace, but a sword. ³⁵ For I have come to set a man against his father, and a daughter against her mother, and a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law. ³⁶ And a person’s enemies will be those of his own household.”

In a fallen world, the gospel saves and brings eternal peace with God, but it also separates human allegiances. The conflict Jesus describes is the painful but real cost of being His disciple. Every new disciple should anticipate the possible division.

Undivided Standard

The Lord set His terms and conditions. He should be above the family, meaning, above all; no one can compare to Him. The Lord Jesus is not abolishing family affection, but He is forbidding any commitment equal to or higher than Him. Christ expects His disciples to commit to Him more than to self and to any government. The cross is a symbol of what Rome does to those who defy it: suffering and humiliation.

Matthew 10:37-38: Whoever loves father or mother more than me is not worthy of me, and whoever loves son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. ³⁸ And whoever does not take his cross and follow me is not worthy of me. ³⁹ Whoever finds his life will lose it, and whoever loses his life for my sake will find it.

The genuine disciple must “lose his life for Christ,” and the reward is that he will find his life. But those who try to preserve their own lives rather than offer them to Christ will lose them. Christ expects His disciples to put Him first, above life itself. Yet it is the Lord who will reward them with life.

Rewards

Even if the disciples experience rejection in their own homes, the Lord comforts them. He gives an allusion to the prophets of Old that whoever receives a prophet will receive a prophet’s reward and the same for a righteous person. The Lord states that those who receive the disciples will be rewarded because they are also receiving the Son and the Father.

Matthew 10:40-42: “Whoever receives you receives me, and whoever receives me receives him who sent me. ⁴¹ The one who receives a prophet because he is a prophet will receive a prophet’s reward, and the one who receives a righteous person because he is a righteous person will receive a righteous person’s reward. ⁴² And whoever gives one of these little ones even a cup of cold water because he is a disciple, truly, I say to you, he will by no means lose his reward.”

The widow of Zarepath (1 Ki 17) and the Shunammite woman (2 Ki 4) both received rewards for supporting Elijah and Elisha, respectively. The disciples of Christ will love Christ above all, even above their own lives. It is the Lord who rewards them and all who welcome them.

Application

1. Let us become disciples of Christ, loving Him above all relationships and above the self. Then let us expect division and rejection when we enjoin others to become His disciples. Yet our hearts must remain true, for it is the Lord who gives us life, even if we lose it.

2. Our love for Christ must exceed our love for our closest relationships. Our commitment to Him should be higher than any government, even prepared for persecution and death. Otherwise, we are not worthy of Him. We will believe and obey His word rather than people, governments, or the self.

3. Let us welcome and bless fellow disciples in Christ. If we do so, we receive the Father and Son, who blesses us with the work of the Holy Spirit, life, and bounties that we do not know yet.

Poem

DISCIPLES UNDIVIDED
by Ed Pilapil Jr

Not father, not mother, no one
Only the Son is high above
Children, friends, and lovers, no one
Triune God, above all, we love

If our family rejects us
We shall remain His disciples
Even if governments threaten us
We bear the cross as disciples

Our lives, for His glory alone
We are disciples of the throne
Hearts undivided and untorn
Serving the Lamb who’s on the throne

God rewards all who will receive
The disciples of Christ Jesus
Praying that they will all believe
The good news of the Lord Jesus

Study Guide

1. What can we expect if we become a genuine disciple? (Mt 10:34-36)

2. What clear terms and standards did Christ establish to be worthy of Him? (Mt 10:37-39)

3. Explain Christ’s allusion to receiving the prophets. How does that relate to receiving a disciple? (Mt 10:40-42).

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This is the first of a five-part series on The Disciples and the Missio Dei.

God has a grand plan for the ages: to redeem men and women from every tongue, tribe, and nation. Central to that plan is the building of His church, and the church’s participation in His saving purpose. Missiologists often label this grand plan, the Missio Dei, the mission of God. More precisely, we should speak of the Missio Trinitatis: the mission of the Triune God. The Father, Son, and Spirit are the authors and owners of this mission; the church is graciously summoned to share in their work. That is why, before giving the Great Commission, Christ declared that all authority in heaven and on earth belongs to Him, and why He concluded the command with the assurance of His abiding presence.

Authority and Promise

The Lord Jesus Christ is risen; moreover, He is sovereign above all. Some disciples worshiped Him, knowing that He was God, but some were doubtful. The audience in the text could probably be the five hundred to whom He appeared. Aside from His sovereign rule, He assured them of His presence until the end.

Matthew 28:18: “And Jesus came and said to them, “All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me.”

Matthew 28:20b: “...And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”

The statements clearly show that by His power and authority, through His disciples, people from every tongue, tribe, and nation will be saved and gathered. The source of the mission is Christ, and through the Holy Spirit, it shall be fulfilled.

Make Disciples

Because He has all authority, therefore, the disciples must make disciples of all nations, meaning peoples, tribes, and tongues. They must be baptized, which is a type of burial, a dying to self, and a rising with the Son of God. They shall be baptized in the name of the Triune God, meaning that is where their allegiance must be. Then they must learn and obey the Lord’s teachings.

Matthew 28:19-20a: “Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, ²⁰ teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you…”

Making disciples is God’s agenda. It is not a request; it is a mandate to all who truly believe. As the church obeys in making disciples, they must remember why they are doing it. It is because He has all authority and we must obey, as well as because He has all authority, which gives us confidence that He is at work.

Prophetic Promise

Matthew’s account of the Great Commission resembles the prophetic utterance of Daniel. Daniel wrote of the son of man having dominion and an everlasting kingdom. The dominion covered every language, tribe, and nation. Aside from Daniel, John wrote prophetically of people from every language, tribe, and nation praising the Lamb.

Daniel 7: 14a: “And to him was given dominion
and glory and a kingdom,
that all peoples, nations, and languages
should serve him;
his dominion is an everlasting dominion,

which shall not pass away,
and his kingdom one
that shall not be destroyed.”

Revelation 7:9-10: “After this I looked, and behold, a great multitude that no one could number, from every nation, from all tribes and peoples and languages, standing before the throne and before the Lamb, clothed in white robes, with palm branches in their hands, ¹⁰ and crying out with a loud voice, ‘Salvation belongs to our God who sits on the throne, and to the Lamb!’”

God’s grand plan will succeed because He is sovereign; He will make it happen. Matthew portrayed Jesus as the King of the Jews, but at the end of His gospel account, he portrayed Jesus as God who has dominion over all. The church should consider it a privilege to be given the opportunity to participate in the Missio Dei.

Application

1. Our authority to make disciples comes from the Sovereign One who is above all. Our confidence in the mission is in His presence until the end. Therefore, we must have faith in who He is as the Sovereign One and submit to the mandate to make disciples.

2. We must go out and meet people to call them to follow Jesus. We must present the gospel and call others to walk with us in this journey. We will persuade them to believe in the Triune God and be baptized in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. We will teach them His word and teach them to obey.

3. Let us believe in the prophetic promise in Daniel and Revelation. It was prophesied, it was promised, and it will happen. The church will succeed in fulfilling its mandate to make disciples of every language, tribe, and nation. People from all tribes will praise and worship the Lamb.

Poem

PROPHETIC MANDATE
by Ed Pilapil Jr

The call has gone forth, listen all
This is the mandate of the Lord
Go and make disciples of all
Every tongue will worship the Lord

Authority and dominion
From Him, overflows the mission
With assurance from His presence
That’s where we find our confidence

Go, therefore, and make disciples
Baptizing them from all peoples
Committed to the Trinity
Learning to obey faithfully

His love and His words overflow 
Through His church, and the church will grow
Prophetic promise will unfold
The prophecies that were foretold

Study Guide

1. Who and what is the basis of the mandate?

2. Explain the mandate.

3. What is the significance of the prophecies in Daniel and Revelation?

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Our guest writer is a lawyer, surgeon, professor, and preacher. He is the chairman of the Board of Elders of GCF Naga and a member of the National Council of the Conservative Baptist Philippines (CBaP).

Marriage is God’s covenantal design for a man and a woman. It is meant to be permanent, faithful, and reflective of Christ’s relationship with His church. Yet because of the Fall, marriage is lived in a world where sin distorts love, weakens commitment, and disrupts peace. Scripture upholds the sanctity of marriage while also giving pastoral instruction for situations where the covenant has been willfully broken. The goal is always restoration, but God, in His mercy, provides biblical and lawful pathways when restoration is no longer possible.

God hates divorce because He is a covenant-keeping God. Divorce is the fruit of human faithlessness and the hardness of heart brought about by sin. Yet the same sovereign Lord who designed marriage as a permanent union also, in His mercy and justice, spoke of exceptions through Jesus Christ. These exceptions do not weaken marriage; they acknowledge the tragic reality that man and woman are sinners living under the effects of the Fall.

When the covenant is persistently and willfully destroyed through sexual immorality or when an unbelieving spouse abandons the marriage, Scripture declares that the offended spouse is not enslaved but called to peace. Thus, the Bible holds together two inseparable truths: the permanence of marriage according to God’s design and God’s mercy toward the one whose covenant has been shattered.

Remarriage is not a universal right after every divorce. But where divorce takes place on biblical grounds, the innocent party is not called an adulterer for entering into a new covenant marriage in the Lord. Such a step is never casual. It is a renewed commitment to God’s original design for a permanent and Christ-centered union.

TWO EXCEPTIONS

The Lord makes a clear statement that divorce for invalid reasons is not acceptable, but divorce due to infidelity is acceptable. Thus, all causes of divorce or separation should be rejected, but there are exceptions.

Matthew 19:9: And I say to you: whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another, commits adultery.”

The first one is sexual immorality, which is a covenant-breaking sin. The one-flesh union is violated, and the marital bond is deeply fractured.

According to Scripture, all believers must forgive. That includes offended parties in marriage. Forgiveness reflects the grace we received in Christ. However, forgiveness does not mean that they should stay in a marriage, as it does not always remove the consequences of sin or automatically restore the relationship. The pastoral task of the church is to pursue reconciliation through repentance and transformation.

The second exception is abandonment.

Paul answered questions from believers in Corinth. Some asked if they should separate from their unbelieving spouse. Paul instructed them to remain; however, they can become free if the unbelieving spouse deserts the marriage.

1 Corinthians 7:15: But if the unbelieving partner separates, let it be so. In such cases the brother or sister is not enslaved. God has called you to peace.

Although the context applies to a believer married to an unbeliever, it may also apply to a believer and a so-called believer. There are false believers and people might unknowingly marry a false believer. On another note, some churches put verbal and physical abuse under abandonment.

Marriage is not a place of bondage. When an unbelieving spouse deserts the covenant, the believer is no longer bound. In many pastoral situations, abandonment includes not only physical departure but the persistent destruction of the covenant through abuse and the refusal to live as a spouse.

Conflict in marriage is inevitable because man and woman are sinners. But covenantal destruction is never God’s design.

REMARRIAGE

The question of divorce is inseparable from the question of remarriage. Where divorce takes place on biblical grounds, the innocent party is not called to a life of perpetual bondage. The freedom described by Scripture includes the freedom to enter into a new marriage in the Lord.

Jesus Himself teaches that where divorce takes place on the ground of sexual immorality, the subsequent marriage is not called adultery by the Lord.

Matthew 19:9: And I say to you: whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another, commits adultery.”

The exception clause shows that when the covenant has been broken through sexual immorality, the innocent party is not morally bound to a life of perpetual separation.

In the same way, Paul declares that when an unbelieving spouse abandons the marriage, the believer is no longer under bondage.

1 Corinthians 7:15: But if the unbelieving partner separates, let it be so. In such cases the brother or sister is not enslaved. God has called you to peace.

To be “not enslaved” is to be released from the marital bond. The believer is not called to covenantal slavery but to live in the peace of Christ.

Yet this freedom is never a license for casual union. Scripture places remarriage within the lordship of Christ.

1 Corinthians 7:39: She is free to be married to whom she wishes, only in the Lord.

Remarriage, therefore, must still reflect God’s original purpose for marriage. Remarriage is not an escape from the past but a renewed call to walk in obedience to Christ, entering a covenant that is again received as lifelong.

MARRIAGE AND THE LAW OF THE LAND

God’s design for marriage is also reflected in the legal framework of our nation.

Article 1, Family Code of the Philippines (Executive Order No. 209): Marriage is a special contract of permanent union between a man conjugal and family life. It is the foundation of the family and an inviolable social institution whose nature, consequences, and incidents are governed by law and not subject to stipulation…

This legal definition affirms the biblical truth that marriage is permanent and covenantal.

Because of the reality of sin, the Philippine law provides remedies:

· Void Marriages: Where no true marriage existed from the beginning (e.g., psychological incapacity – a ground for the annulment of marriage or the absence of essential requisites)

· Voidable Marriages: Where consent was defective.

· Legal Separation: In cases such as sexual infidelity, abandonment, and/or violence.

The law does not weaken marriage. It upholds its sanctity while protecting those whose covenant has been violated.

Application

1. Follow God’s design for marriage. Marriage is a permanent covenant. It must be nurtured by the Word of God, prayer, repentance, and daily grace.

2. Practice gospel-shaped forgiveness. Because we are sinners living under the effects of the Fall, conflict will always be present. Forgiveness is the means by which marriages are sustained and restored.

3. Pursue peace with biblical and lawful wisdom. When there is sexual immorality or abandonment, the believer is not called to slavery. God has provided both scriptural and lawful means for protection and peace.

Poem

Covenant, Mercy, and Peace
by Stephen Bonilla

God formed the vow by His command,
One flesh united, heart and hand;
A sign of Christ, His faithful love,
A covenant sealed by God above.

Yet through the Fall our hearts withdrew,
And broke the bond God made us true;
The Lord hates vows in violence torn,
Where faithless hearts breed grief and scorn.

But when by lust the tie is slain,
Or when the unbeliever leaves in disdain,
The Word gives peace, the bound set free,
No longer held in slavery.

Still grace calls us to vow once more,
In Christ to keep what was before;
Till every home is filled with love,
A sign of grace from God above.

Study Guide

1. What are the two biblical grounds for divorce mentioned in the sermon, and what does Scripture say happens to the innocent spouse in those situations?

2. When is remarriage allowed according to the Bible, and what does it mean to remarry “only in the Lord”?

3. According to Article 1 of the Family Code, what kind of union is marriage, and how should this shape the way we treat our own marriage?

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The Fall of Man in the garden plunged humanity into darkness. Sin severed Man’s fellowship with God; spiritual and eventually physical death became the wages that all generations inherit. Every person born will experience the consequences of sin, which are many. To name a few: decay, conflict, fear, and pain. God designed marriage to be a place of belonging, refuge, and unity. But because of the Fall, it can become the front lines of a daily war. Somehow, the curse is felt strongly in marriage. Desire turns evil and selfish; responsible leadership turns into domination without love. Or even worse, the breaking up of the covenant. Is there hope? Only in Christ is a person saved from the penalty of sin. Only through Christ may a person experience transformation. Only through Christ, can the marriage covenant be fulfilled or restored.

Pain and Conflict

God decreed that the woman would experience pain in childbirth, which may denote pain in pregnancy and child rearing.[1] Moreover, her relationship with her husband was also affected. Her desire for her husband may mean love and companionship, but it may also be a desire to rule him and conform him to her needs.

Genesis 3:16, ESV: To the woman he said,

“I will surely multiply your pain in childbearing;
in pain you shall bring forth children.
Your desire shall be for your husband,
and he shall rule over you.”

The pairing of desire but to rule over, which is like sin. Sin’s desire is clear, but one must rule over it (Gen 4:7). Going back to the woman and man. Instead of companionship, there would be a power struggle.[2] But in Christ, she must submit to her husband as to Christ (Eph 5:22-24).

Dominate

In the Garden, it is assumed that the male would lead the woman.[3] But the curse involves dominating without love. Such is visible in many marriages today. In other cases, men abandoned leadership and let the woman decide for the family. This, too, is a distortion.

Genesis 3:16: To the woman he said,

“I will surely multiply your pain in childbearing;
in pain you shall bring forth children.
Your desire shall be for your husband,
and he shall rule over you.”

God made woman to complement the man, which is to complete him. However, the fall would make it harder for men to lead their wives. The hope for the marriage is in Christ, where husbands are taught to love and cherish their wives. They are to follow the love that Christ has for the church (Eph 5:25).

Pain to Survive

Like the woman, Man would also experience pain. It is the pain of survival; the pain of labor in order to provide. His decision to listen to his wife rather than God led to the cursed ground.[4] There is always misery in not listening to God.

Genesis 3:17: And to Adam he said,

“Because you have listened to the voice of your wife
and have eaten of the tree
of which I commanded you,
‘You shall not eat of it,’
cursed is the ground because of you

The subtle trap is listening to those closest to us, rather than God. Men must listen to God before they listen to their wives or anyone else. The consequences of God’s justice are far-reaching; they encompass the earth.[5] Humanity must bear that in mind.

Application

1. Understand God’s design for marriage and the consequences of the Fall of Man. Understanding the Fall will help us grasp the power of sin and the justice of God. The knowledge should make us aware of the need for salvation in Christ.

2. Fix your hope in growing in Christ, which leads to better marriages. For the single, never marry someone who does not fear and love God. If you do not listen to this piece of wisdom, expect consequences. You will not enjoy God’s redemptive action in your marriage.

3. The pain and conflict exist because of sin, but God’s grace is sufficient. Trust in God’s grace to sustain us through the pain and the power to deal with conflict. Through His Spirit, we develop self-control, peace, love, and humility.

Those who are in Christ receive the grace to follow the renewed design in Christ. Husbands are to love their wives as Christ loved the church, and wives must submit to their husbands as to Christ. Husbands should love and cherish their wives, and the wives must respect and submit to their husbands (Eph 5:22-33).

[1] John Goldingay, Genesis, Baker Commentary on the Old Testament: Pentateuch, ed. Bill T. Arnold (Baker Academic, 2020), 81.

[2] Bruce K. Waltke and Cathi J. Fredricks, Genesis (Zondervan Academic, 2016), Book 1.

[3] Waltke and Fredricks, Genesis, Book 1.

[4] Andrew E. Steinmann, Genesis (IVP, 2019), Chapter 2.B.

[5] Goldingay, Genesis (Baker Commentary on the Old Testament, 81.

Bibliography

Goldingay, John. Genesis. Baker Commentary on the Old Testament: Pentateuch, edited by Bill T. Arnold. Baker Academic, 2020.

Steinmann, Andrew E. Genesis. IVP, 2019.

Waltke, Bruce K., and Cathi J. Fredricks. Genesis. Zondervan Academic, 2016.

Poem

GRACE IN MARRIAGE
by Ed Pilapil Jr

Is it childbirth or child rearing?
The labor pains are not pleasing
Eve’s needs became more magnified
Conflict seems to be codified

Man’s response is domination
It is more like subjugation
That is the effect of the Fall
Differs from God’s design and call

Labor pains for the husband, too
For Adam, it was something new
Man’s survival became a pain
With a lesson that’s clear and plain

Listen to God above all else
Develop some biblical sense
Look to God’s justice and His grace
In marriage, His grace, do embrace

Study Guide

1. According to Genesis 3:16, what are the two parts of God’s judgment on the woman, and how do they affect childbearing and marriage?

2. Contrast God’s design (Gen 2:24-25) to the fallen state in terms of the relationship of Adam and Eve.

3. What was the consequence of Adam listening to his wife instead of the LORD?

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Paul, the apostle, wrote his first epistle to the Corinthians around A.D. 53–55 from Ephesus. He wrote to a young church encompassed with a morally compromised city. The apostle responds to questions about marriage, celibacy, and godly living amid the “present distress” (v. 26), which is likely a form of persecution or crisis. Paul contrasts the unmarried and married states, not to exalt one above the other, but to show how each impacts a believer’s focus on the Lord. He highlights the spiritual benefits of singleness and the real-world responsibilities of marriage. Paul’s purpose is clear: not to restrict, but to encourage “undivided devotion to the Lord” (v.35). From this pastoral counsel, we draw three calls to live with single-hearted devotion to Christ in every season.

Free of Distractions

Paul expresses his pastoral desire that believers live free from unnecessary anxieties that hinder spiritual focus. He contrasts the unmarried person’s ability to concentrate on “the things of the Lord” with the added responsibilities that naturally accompany marriage.

1 Corinthians 7:32: I want you to be free from anxieties. The unmarried man is anxious about the things of the Lord, how to please the Lord.

The word Paul uses for “anxious” (merimnaō) does not imply sinful worry but legitimate concerns that claim time, energy, and attention. Paul’s point is not that marriage is bad, but that singleness can provide greater flexibility for devotion and service to Christ.

Worldly Things

The author continues to compare the spiritual focus of married and unmarried believers. He explains that a married man is naturally concerned with “worldly things,” specifically how to please his wife, highlighting the obligations that come with marriage. It is the same with the woman.

1 Corinthians 7:33-34: But the married man is anxious about worldly things, how to please his wife, ³⁴ and his interests are divided. And the unmarried or betrothed woman is anxious about the things of the Lord, how to be holy in body and spirit. But the married woman is anxious about worldly things, how to please her husband.

The term “worldly things” does not imply sin, but refers to the daily realities and responsibilities of marital life. Paul is not criticizing marriage but acknowledging how it divides attention between earthly duties and spiritual pursuits. His aim is to help believers understand how their relational status affects their capacity for undivided devotion to the Lord.

Undivided Devotion

The apostle wants to help the Corinthians, not restrict them. His advice is meant for their benefit. He desires to promote good order in their lives. More importantly, he wants them to have undivided devotion to the Lord. Singleness can allow for fewer distractions in serving Christ. Paul’s goal is wholehearted, focused discipleship.

1 Corinthians 7:35: I say this for your own benefit, not to lay any restraint upon you, but to promote good order and to secure your undivided devotion to the Lord.

The expression “undivided devotion” reflects Paul’s ultimate goal: a heart wholly given to Christ, unburdened by competing distractions. This verse brings the teaching full circle, inviting believers to consider how their life choices can best serve their calling to love and serve the Lord.

Application

1. Whether single or married, do not allow distractions to affect your devotion to Christ? Identify what distracts you and reorder your priorities to please the Lord. Use proper time management.

2. Use singleness or marriage as a means to grow in holiness. Don’t waste the season God has placed you in. The single will have the advantage of giving more time to serve the Lord.

3. Give God your full attention. Remove distractions and pursue a heart that is undivided in love for Him. But if you are married, do not neglect to love and serve your spouse.

Poem

BOUND OR FREE
by Ed Pilapil Jr

It is the Lord who made me whole
No other could have saved my soul
My soul, serve Him without delay
Worship Him each and every day

The single life should have more peace
More ease to let distraction cease
Focus your minds on things above
Fill your soul with His divine love

Marriage also is God’s design
A holy gift, a sacred sign
Distractions and demands arise
To take our gaze from heaven’s prize

Whether bound or single, who’s free
Let Christ be all in all to me
Serve the Lord Christ and heed the call
In all things, He is Lord of all

Study Guide

1. What does Paul mean by “free from anxieties”? Is he referring to sinful worry, practical concerns, or both?

2. What does Paul mean by “worldly things” in this context? Does he use the term negatively?

3. What is the significance of the phrase “not to lay any restraint upon you”? What does this reveal about Paul’s tone?

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The disciples faced an enormous challenge. The Lord gave them an impossible assignment. They were to proclaim the gospel and make disciples of all nations. The challenge: many of the Jewish leaders did not believe in Christ, and their world was diverse, multicultural, and polytheistic. Yet their confidence would not be in their own abilities; it would come from the Lord Jesus Christ.

The risen Lord Jesus appears to His disciples and gives them both clarity and commission. He shows them that His suffering, death, and resurrection were not unexpected tragedies, but the fulfillment of all that was written in the Scriptures. He opens their minds to understand the Word and calls them to proclaim repentance and forgiveness to the nations. These verses serve as a bridge between Christ’s finished work and the church’s ongoing mission. In this passage, we see that the gospel is rooted in Scripture, revealed by Christ, and entrusted to faithful witnesses. This passage is another version of the Great Commission.

Fulfilled

The risen Lord Jesus reminded His disciples that everything written about Him in the Law of Moses, the Prophets, and the Psalms, the threefold division of the Hebrew Scriptures, must be fulfilled. He emphasized that His life, death, and resurrection were not unexpected events but the fulfillment of God’s redemptive plan revealed in Scripture.

Luke 24:44-45: Then he said to them, “These are my words that I spoke to you while I was still with you, that everything written about me in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms must be fulfilled.” ⁴⁵ Then he opened their minds to understand the Scriptures

Then He graciously opened their minds to understand the Scriptures, showing that true understanding comes by divine illumination. Today, the Holy Spirit continues to open the minds of those who believe. For without the Triune God’s grace to understand, no one would.

Resurrection

The Scriptures foretold the suffering, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. The disciples witnessed both His crucifixion and His resurrected body. They would soon proclaim these events and explain their meaning to the world.

Luke 24:46: and said to them, “Thus it is written, that the Christ should suffer and on the third day rise from the dead.

At the heart of this message is the truth that Christ became sin for us, as Scripture says, “He made him to be sin who knew no sin, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God” (2 Corinthians 5:21).

Jesus bore the full penalty of sin in the place of His people, satisfying the just wrath of God. On the third day, He rose from the dead. Because He was without sin, death had no claim on Him.

Repentance

The Lord Jesus instructed His disciples to proclaim repentance for the forgiveness of sins. This message was to go to all nations, starting in Jerusalem, the very place where He was crucified and raised.

Luke 24:47-48: and that repentance for the forgiveness of sins should be proclaimed in his name to all nations, beginning from Jerusalem. ⁴⁸ You are witnesses of these things.

Repentance is not optional in gospel preaching. Jesus did not suggest this message; He commanded it. Proclaiming repentance in His name means doing so on the basis of His authority and redemptive work. Therefore, any faithful proclamation of the gospel must include a clear call to repentance. To leave it out is to neglect a central element of Christ’s own commission.

The eleven were called to be witnesses of the suffering, death, and resurrection of Christ. They are witnesses that repentance for forgiveness must be proclaimed to all the nations. Moreover, they are witnesses that Christ fulfilled the Old Covenant.

Application

1. Believe and proclaim that the Lord Jesus fulfilled the promises and prophecies in the Old Testament. Pray that the Holy Spirit will open our minds to understand that Christ fulfilled the Old Covenant.

2. Believe and proclaim the apostles’ witness of the suffering, death, and resurrection of the Lord Jesus Christ. Without the resurrection, there is no gospel. It is at the heart of the gospel message. We cherish it and never tire of talking about it.

3. Christ expects that we proclaim repentance for the forgiveness of sins, in His name, and into all the nations. We should never neglect proclaiming repentance. Those who believe will truly repent, and those who repent will truly believe. To neglect to proclaim it is disobedience.

4. If people believe, we hope to nurture them in faith in a church community. If not, we pray they read the Scriptures and see the wisdom of it, so either they one day believe or they adhere to the fundamental Judeo-Christian values.

Conclusion

Our mission is to spread the apostles’ witness. Like the apostles, we face modern challenges. The battlefield is in our homes, campuses, and workplaces. In our proclamation, we should not remove the key elements of the gospel. Yet, we should be able to address present-day threats.

Here are some of the threats we are facing: atheism, deconstructionism, gender identity, moral relativism, and more. We must learn to dialogue and frame our presentation of the gospel, but the gospel remains constant. We express our willingness to work for the gospel, to live it, and even to die for it.

Poem

PROCLAIM REPENTANCE
by Ed Pilapil Jr

The Prophets, the Psalms, and the Law
According to Christ, they foresaw
The Lord Jesus and His coming
His life, suffering, and dying

It is written, the Lord did say
That He would rise on the third day
The apostles witnessed this thing
Something that we should always sing

And then the Lord commanded them 
A mission that could overwhelm
Without His Spirit of promise
Impossible, that’s the premise

The commission is to proclaim
Proclaim repentance in His name
Repentance for sins forgiveness
To all nations and nothing less

Therefore, today we should proclaim
The gospel message in His name
He suffered, died, and rose again
We preach repentance to all men

If we then neglect to proclaim
Repentance in His holy name
We disobey His clear command
I hope we fully understand 

We will not shirk; we shall explain
His finished work, it is that plain
Forgiveness of sins we must preach
Therefore, repentance, we must teach

Study Guide

1. What did Christ fulfill? What did He do with the disciples? (Lk 24:44-45)

2. What was written about Christ? (Lk 24:46)

3. What should be proclaimed in His name and to whom? (Lk 24:47-48)

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